Thompson Test: How to Check for Achilles Tendon Rupture

The Thompson Test, also known as the Calf Squeeze Test, is the gold standard clinical test for diagnosing a complete rupture of the Achilles tendon. It is simple, quick, and highly accurate.

[Image of Thompson Test calf squeeze]

1. Purpose

The primary purpose of the Thompson Test (also known as the Calf Squeeze Test or Simmonds' Test) is to **check for** a complete rupture of the Achilles tendon.

2. How to Perform

1. The patient is positioned in prone (lying on their stomach) with their feet hanging off the edge of the table.
2. The patient must be completely relaxed.
3. The examiner squeezes the belly of the calf muscles (gastrocnemius and soleus) firmly with one hand.
4. The examiner observes the foot for any movement.

3. Positive & Negative Sign

Positive Sign (Test is POSITIVE):
A positive test (indicating a rupture) is:

• The absence of plantarflexion when the calf is squeezed. The foot remains still. This indicates a complete rupture of the Achilles tendon.

Negative Sign (Test is NEGATIVE):
A negative test (indicating an intact tendon) is when the foot plantarflexes (points down) when the calf is squeezed.